CCA 2010 Overview

 

Chapter 1

Preliminary

 

Part I
Preliminary   


Part II
The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission


Part IIA
The National Competition Council


Part III
The Australian Competition Tribunal


Part IIIAA
The Australian Energy Regulator (AER)


Division 1: Preliminary       

Division 2: Establishment of the AER       

Division 3: Functions and powers of the AER             

Division 4: Administrative provisions relating to the AER     

Subdivision A: Appointment etc. of members             

Subdivision B: Staff etc. to assist the AER 

Subdivision C: Meetings of the AER etc.

Subdivision CA: Divisions of the AER

Subdivision D: Miscellaneous  


Part IIIAB  Application of the Finance Law

 

Chapter 2

Access

 

Part IIIA
Access to services

Division 1: Preliminary       

Division 2: Declared services

Subdivision A: Recommendation by the Council

Subdivision B: Declaration by the designated Minister

Division 2AA: Services that are ineligible to be declared

Subdivision A: Scope of Division

Subdivision B: Ineligibility recommendation by Council

Subdivision C: Designated Minister’s decision on ineligibility

Subdivision D: Revocation of ineligibility decision

Subdivision E: Review of decisions

Subdivision F: Other matters

Division 2A: Effective access regimes        

Subdivision A: Recommendation by Council

Subdivision B: Decision by Commonwealth Minister

Subdivision C: Extensions of Commonwealth Minister’s decision

Subdivision CA: Revocation of Commonwealth Minister’s decision

Subdivision D: Procedural provisions

Subdivision E: Review of decisions

Subdivision F: State or Territory ceasing to be a party to Competition Principles Agreement

Division 2B: Competitive tender processes for government owned facilities            

Division 3: Access to declared services

Subdivision A: Scope of Division

Subdivision B: Notification of access disputes             

Subdivision C: Arbitration of access disputes

Subdivision D: Procedure in arbitrations

Subdivision DA: Arbitration reports

Subdivision E: Effect of determinations

Subdivision F: Review of final determinations

Subdivision G: Variation and revocation of determinations

Division 4: Registered contracts for access to declared services

Division 5: Hindering access to declared services

Division 6: Access undertakings and access codes for services

Subdivision A: Giving of access undertakings and access codes

Subdivision B: Effect of access undertakings and access codes

Subdivision C: Extensions of access undertakings and access codes

Subdivision D: Procedural provisions

Subdivision E: Review of decisions

Subdivision F: Register of access undertakings and access codes

Division 6A: Pricing principles for access disputes and access undertakings or codes

Division 6B: Overlap among determinations, registered contracts, access undertakings and Tribunal review

Division 7: Enforcement and remedies

Division 8: Miscellaneous

 

Chapter 3

Restrictive Trade Practices

 

Part IV
Restrictive trade practices             

Division 1: Cartel conduct   

Subdivision A: Introduction

Subdivision B: Offences etc.             

Subdivision C: Civil penalty provisions       

Subdivision D: Exceptions   

Division 1A: Acquisitions      

Subdivision A: Preliminary   

Subdivision B: Obligations   

Subdivision C: Acquisitions void if put into effect while stayed  

Subdivision D: Miscellaneous          

Division 2: Other provisions


Part IVA
Notification of acquisitions           

Division 1: Preliminary

Subdivision A: Simplified outline     

Subdivision B: Acquisitions to which acquisitions provisions apply             

Subdivision C: Definitions relating to acquisitions and notifications  

Subdivision D: Other definitions      

Subdivision E: Other provisions       

Division 2: Acquisitions that are required to be notified   

Subdivision A: Acquisitions that are required to be notified         

Subdivision B: Provisions relating to particular kinds of acquisitions  

Subdivision C: Waivers         

Division 3: Notification of acquisitions       

Subdivision A: Notification of acquisitions

Subdivision B: Powers of the Commission in response to incomplete and misleading notifications and changes of fact    

Subdivision C: When Commission may cease considering notifications  

Division 4: Commission consideration of acquisitions: substantial lessening of competition      

Subdivision A: Commission consideration of acquisitions           

Subdivision B: Substantial lessening of competition         

Subdivision C: Process for considering acquisitions

Division 5: Commission consideration of acquisitions: public benefit             

Subdivision A: Public benefit applications

Subdivision B: Powers of the Commission in response to incomplete or misleading public benefit applications and changes of fact          

Subdivision C: When Commission may cease considering public benefit applications

Subdivision D: Commission consideration of public benefit applications  

Subdivision E: Public benefit            

Subdivision F—Process for considering public benefit applications  

Division 6: Miscellaneous     

Subdivision A: Miscellaneous matters relating to Commission consideration of notifications           

Subdivision B: Acquisitions register            

Subdivision C: Partnerships and trusts

Subdivision D: Surprise hostile takeovers 

Subdivision E: Voluntary transfers under the Financial Sector (Transfer and Restructure) Act 1999

Subdivision F: Miscellaneous           


 

Chapter 4

Provisions relating to particular industries, payment surcharges etc.

 

Part IVB
Industry codes         

Division 1 Preliminary            

Division 2 Contravention of industry codes             

Division 2A Infringement notices    

Division 3 Public warning notices   

Division 4 Orders to redress loss or damage suffered by non parties etc.    

Division 5 Investigation power

Division 6 Miscellaneous     


Part IVBA
News media and digital platforms mandatory bargaining code

Division 1 Basic concepts  

Division 2 Designated digital platform corporation and designated digital platform services

Division 3 Registered news businesses and registered news business corporations           

Division 4 General requirements

Subdivision A - Preliminary

Subdivision B - The minimum standards

Subdivision C - Recognition of original covered news content

Subdivision D - Facilitating open communication

Subdivision E - Trade secrets and personal information  

Division 5 Non differentiation           

Division 6 Bargaining

Subdivision A - Preliminary  

Subdivision B - Bargaining obligations        

Subdivision BA Mediation    

Subdivision C - Miscellaneous         

Division 7 Arbitration about remuneration issue

Subdivision A - Preliminary  

Subdivision B—Starting arbitration

Subdivision C - Final offer arbitration          

Subdivision D - Effect of arbitral determination       

Division 8 Enforcement etc.            

Division 9 Agreements between digital platform corporations and registered news business corporations           

Division 10 Powers and functions of the ACMA in relation to this Part     

Division 11 Miscellaneous


Part IVBB
Gas Market

Division 1 Preliminary         

Subdivision A - Object and simplified outline

Subdivision B - Definitions  

Subdivision C - Geographical application  

Subdivision D - Application to government entities           

Division 2 Gas market instruments            

Subdivision A - Gas market instruments    

Subdivision B - Matters that gas market codes may deal with     

Subdivision C - Matters that gas market emergency price orders may deal with

Subdivision D - Incidental and other matters that gas market codes and gas market emergency price orders may deal with    

Subdivision E - Miscellaneous matters       

Division 3 Compliance with gas market instruments        

Subdivision A - Civil penalty provisions of gas market instruments             

Subdivision C - Public warning notices       

Subdivision D - Orders to redress loss or damage suffered by non parties etc.    

Subdivision E - Avoidance schemes            

Division 4 Investigation powers        

Division 5 Other matters


Part IVC
Payment surcharges

Division 1 Preliminary

Division 2 Limit on payment surcharges

Division 3 Information about payment surcharges             

Division 4 Infringement notices    


Part IVD
Consumer data right   

Division 1 Preliminary            

Subdivision A - Object and simplified outline

Subdivision B - Designating sectors, and declaring actions, to which the consumer data right applies

Subdivision C - Meanings of key terms

Subdivision D - Extension to external Territories and extraterritorial operation   

Subdivision E - Application to government entities

Division 2 Consumer data right

Subdivision A - Power to make consumer data rules

Subdivision B - Compliance with consumer data rules

Subdivision C - Process for making consumer data rules etc.

Subdivision D - Fees for disclosing CDR data

Subdivision E - Effective initiation and non discriminatory performance of CDR actions

Subdivision F - Review by the Tribunal of determinations about certain fees

Subdivision G -Prohibitions on holding out

Division 3 Accreditation etc.

Subdivision A - Accreditation process

Subdivision B - Register of Accredited Persons

Subdivision C - CDR Accreditor

Subdivision D - Accreditation Registrar

Division 4 External dispute resolution

Division 5 Privacy safeguards

Subdivision A - Preliminary

Subdivision B Consideration of CDR data privacy

Subdivision C - Collecting CDR data

Subdivision D - Dealing with CDR data

Subdivision E - Integrity of CDR data

Subdivision F - Correction of CDR data

Subdivision G - Compliance with the privacy safeguards

Division 6 Data standards etc.

Subdivision A - Data standards

Subdivision B - Data Standards Chair

Subdivision C - Data Standards Body

Subdivision D - Administrative provisions           

Division 7 Other matters


Part IVE
Motor vehicle service and repair information sharing scheme

Division 1 Objects of Part and simplified outline  

Division 2 Key concepts        

Division 3 Supply of scheme information   

Division 4 Information management

Division 5 Dispute resolution

Division 6 Motor vehicle service and repair information scheme adviser

Division 7 Miscellaneous


Part IVF
Scams Prevention Framework

Division 1 Preliminary

Subdivision A - Object and simplified outline

Subdivision B - Designating sectors subject to the Scams Prevention Framework

Subdivision C - Meanings of key terms

Subdivision D - Extension to external Territories and outside of Australia        

Subdivision E - Application to acts done by or in relation to agents etc. of regulated entities

Division 2 Overarching principles of the Scams Prevention Framework

Subdivision A - Preliminary

Subdivision B - SPF principle 1: Governance

Subdivision C - SPF principle 2: Prevent

Subdivision D - SPF principle 3: Detect

Subdivision E - SPF principle 4: Report

Subdivision F - SPF principle 5: Disrupt  

Subdivision G - SPF principle 6: Respond            

Division 3 Sector specific codes for the Scams Prevention Framework     

Division 4 External dispute resolution for the Scams Prevention Framework      208

Division 5 Regulating the Scams Prevention Framework

Subdivision A - Preliminary

Subdivision B - Regulators of the Scams Prevention Framework

Subdivision C - Information sharing between SPF regulators

Division 6 Enforcing the Scams Prevention Framework    

Subdivision A - Preliminary

Subdivision B - Monitoring or investigating compliance with an SPF code

Subdivision C - Civil penalty provisions

Subdivision D - Infringement notices

Subdivision E - Enforceable undertakings           

Subdivision F - Injunctions

Subdivision G - Actions for damages

Subdivision H - Public warning notices   

Subdivision I - Remedial directions          

Subdivision J - Adverse publicity orders 

Subdivision K - Non punitive orders

Subdivision L - Orders (other than awards of damages) to redress loss or damage

Division 7 Other provisions


Part V
Carbon tax price reduction obligation

Division 1 Preliminary            

Division 2 Carbon tax price reduction obligation  

Division 2A Carbon tax removal substantiation notices   

Division 2B Carbon tax removal substantiation statements         

Division 2C Statements for customers       

Division 3 Price monitoring in relation to the carbon tax repeal etc.

Division 4 False or misleading representations about the effect of the carbon tax repeal etc. on prices             

Division 5 Infringement notices

 

Chapter 5

Enforcement and remedies

 

Part VI
Enforcement and remedies 

Division 1 Preliminary            

Division 2 Pecuniary penalties         

Division 3 Orders relating to acquisitions  

Division 4 Offences  

Division 5 Other provisions 


Part VIA
Proportionate liability for misleading and deceptive conduct     


Part VIB
Claims for damages or compensation for death or personal injury

Division 1 Introduction

Division 2 Limitation periods

Division 3 Limits on personal injury damages for non economic loss

Division 4 Limits on personal injury damages for loss of earning capacity

Division 5 Limits on personal injury damages for gratuitous attendant care services        

Division 6 Other limits on personal injury damages           

Division 7 Structured settlements

 

Chapter 6

Other provisions

 

Part VII
Authorisations and notifications   

Division 1 Authorisations     

Division 1A Authorisations in exceptional circumstances and emergencies 

Division 2 Notifications         

Subdivision A: Exclusive dealing and resale price maintenance 

Subdivision B: Collective bargaining            

Subdivision C: Conferences

Subdivision D: Register of notifications      

Division 3 Class exemptions

Division 4 Declaration of exceptional circumstances       


Part VIIA
Prices surveillance      

Division 1 Preliminary

Division 2 Commission’s functions under this Part            

Division 3 Price inquiries      

Subdivision A: Holding of inquiries

Subdivision B: Reports on inquiries

Subdivision C: Procedure at inquiries         

Division 4 Price notifications            

Division 5 Price monitoring  

Division 6 Other provisions 


Part VIII
Resale price maintenance   


Part IX
Review by Tribunal of decisions of Commission       

Division 1A  Applications for review of certain decisions of the Commission  

Division 1B  Applications for review of acquisition determinations

Subdivision A - Applications for review

Subdivision B - Functions and powers

Division 1 Applications for review of determinations by the Commission under Part VII

Division 2 Procedure and Evidence

110 Representation

111 Tribunal may order costs be awarded

112 Tribunal may charge fees

113 Standing of Commission to seek judicial review


Part X
International liner cargo shipping

Division 1 Preliminary            

Division 2 Additional restrictive trade practice provisions applying to ocean carriers

Division 3 Minimum standards for conference agreements

Division 4 Registers and files and public inspection of them

Division 5 Exemptions from certain restrictive trade practice prohibitions

Subdivision A - Exemptions relating to conference agreements

Subdivision B - Exemptions relating to loyalty agreements

Subdivision D - Other exemptions  

Division 6 Registration of conference agreements

Subdivision A - Provisional registration      

Subdivision B - Final registration

Subdivision C - Confidentiality requests

Subdivision D - Miscellaneous

Division 7 Obligations of ocean carriers in relation to registered conference agreements

Division 8 Powers of Minister in relation to registered conference agreements

Division 9 Obligations of non conference ocean carriers with substantial market power

Division 10 Powers of Minister in relation to non conference ocean carriers with substantial market power      

Division 11 Unfair pricing practices

Division 12 Registration of ocean carrier agents   

Division 12A Exemption orders for inwards conference agreements etc.

Division 13 General provisions relating to registers and conference agreement files

Division 14 Administration

Division 14A Review of decisions of Commission

Division 14B Review of decisions of Minister          

Division 15 Miscellaneous


Part XI
Application of the Australian Consumer Law as a law of the Commonwealth

Division 1 Preliminary

Division 2 Application of the Australian Consumer Law as a law of the Commonwealth

Subdivision A - Application of the Australian Consumer Law

Subdivision B Effect of other Commonwealth laws on the Australian Consumer Law    

Division 3 Conferences for proposed bans and recall notices

Subdivision A - Conference requirements before a ban or compulsory recall

Subdivision B - Conference requirements after an interim ban is imposed

Subdivision C - Conduct of conferences   

Subdivision D - Miscellaneous

Division 4 Enforcement

Subdivision A - Inspectors

Subdivision B - Premises to which the public is given access

Subdivision C - Disclosure notices relating to the safety of goods or services

Subdivision D - Court orders relating to the destruction etc. of goods

Division 5 Infringement notices

Division 6 Search, seizure and entry

Subdivision A - Powers of inspectors           

Subdivision B - Obligations of inspectors  

Subdivision C - Occupier’s etc. rights and responsibilities

Subdivision D - Provisions relating to seizure

Subdivision E - Embargo notices

Subdivision F - Issue of search warrants

Subdivision G - Miscellaneous

Division 7 Remedies

Division 8 Jurisdictional matters

Division 9 Miscellaneous


Part XIAA
Application of the Australian Consumer Law as a law of a State or Territory   


Part XIA
The Competition Code

 

Chapter 7

Further provisions relating to particular industries etc.

 

Part XIB
The Telecommunications Industry: Anti competitive conduct and record keeping rules

Division 1 Introduction

Division 2 Anticompetitive conduct

Division 3 Competition notices and exemption orders     

Subdivision A - Competition notices

Subdivison B - Exemption orders   

Division 6 Record keeping rules and disclosure directions           

Division 7 Enforcement of the competition rule, record keeping rules and disclosure directions

Division 8 Disclosure of documents by Commission

Division 9 Treatment of partnerships           

Division 10 Review of decisions

Division 11 Reviews of competitive safeguards within the telecommunications industry

Division 12 Monitoring of telecommunications charges paid by consumers

Division 12A Reports about competition in the telecommunications industry          

Division 15 Voluntary undertakings originally given by Telstra

Division 16 NBN corporations


Part XIC
Telecommunications access regime

Division 1 Introduction

Division 2 Declared services

Division 3 Standard access obligations      

Subdivision A - Category A standard access obligations 

Subdivision B - Category B standard access obligations

Subdivision C - Compliance with standard access obligations   

Division 4 Access determinations  

Subdivision A - Commission may make access determinations

Subdivision B - Public inquiries about proposals to make access determinations          

Subdivision C - Variation or revocation of access determinations             

Subdivision D - Compliance with access determinations

Subdivision E - Private enforcement of access determinations  

Subdivision F - Register of Access Determinations

Division 4A  Binding rules of conduct

Subdivision A - Commission may make binding rules of conduct             

Subdivision B - Compliance with binding rules of conduct           

Subdivision C - Private enforcement of binding rules of conduct             

Subdivision D - Register of Binding Rules of Conduct       

Division 4B  Access agreements     

Division 5 Access undertakings       

Subdivision B - Special access undertakings

Subdivision C - General provisions

Division 6 Ministerial pricing determinations         

Division 6A Supply of services by NBN corporations         

Division 6B Explanatory material relating to anti discrimination provisions      

Division 7 Relationship between this Part and Part IIIA

Division 10 Hindering the fulfilment of a standard access obligation etc.

Division 10A Procedural Rules

Division 11 Miscellaneous   


Part XICA
The electricity industry

Division 1 Preliminary            

Division 2 Prohibited conduct

Division 3 Commission responses

Subdivision A - Public warning notices

Subdivision B - Infringement notices

Division 4 Procedure before contracting order or divestiture order

Subdivision A - Prohibited conduct notices

Subdivision B - Prohibited conduct recommendations and no Treasurer action notices

Division 5 Contracting orders           

Subdivision A - Treasurer may make contracting orders  

Subdivision B - Enforcement of contracting orders            

Division 6 Electricity divestiture orders       

Division 7 Miscellaneous


Part XICB
Access to CS services

Division 1 Preliminary            

Division 2 Declaration of CS services          

Division 3  Negotiation of access    

Division 4 Notification of access disputes

Division 5 Arbitration of access disputes   

Division 6 Procedure in arbitration 

Division 7 Effect of determinations

Division 8 Variation and revocation of determinations

Division 9 Enforcement and remedies

Division 10 Miscellaneous

 

Chapter 8

Miscellaneous

 

Part XID
Search and seizure

Division 1 Preliminary

Division 2 Appointment of inspectors and identity cards

Division 3 Entry to premises with consent 

Division 4 Entry to premises under a search warrant

Subdivision A - Powers available under a search warrant

Subdivision B - Availability of assistance and use of force in executing a search warrant

Subdivision C - Obligations of executing officer and officers assisting

Subdivision D - Occupier’s rights and responsibilities

Subdivision E - General provisions relating to seizure

Subdivision F - Search warrants      

Subdivision G - Powers of magistrates

Division 5 General provisions relating to electronic equipment


Part XIE
Designated complaints

Division 1 Preliminary            

Division 2 Commission handling of designated complaints

Division 3 Designated complainants           

Division 4 Miscellaneous  


Part XII
Miscellaneous    

[No divisions; includes s 155 powers]


Part XIII—Application and transitional provisions relating to the competition provisions    

Division 1 Cartel conduct 

Division 2 Application of amendments made by the Competition and Consumer Legislation Amendment Act 2011

Division 3 Application of amendments made by the Competition and Consumer Amendment (Competition Policy Review) Act 2017 

Division 4 Application of amendment made by the Treasury Laws Amendment (2018 Measures No. 5) Act 2019

Division 5 Application of amendments made by the Treasury Laws Amendment (More Competition, Better Prices) Act 2022

Division 6 Application of amendments made by the Treasury Laws Amendment (Mergers and Acquisitions Reform) Act 2024

Division 7 Application of amendments made by the Treasury Laws Amendment (Doubling Penalties for ACCC Enforcement) Act 2026   

 

Schedule 1

The Schedule version of Part IV

 

[The Australian Constitution limits the extent to which the federal government can legislate. The Schedule version of the Act applies by virtue of legislation in various Australian states and territories and operates as a law of the relevant state. The Schedule version largely mirrors Part IV, but applies to persons as well as to corporations. This is referred to as the ‘Competition Code’]

 

Schedule 2

The Australian Consumer Law

 

[This part relates to consumer protection, not competition law. Schedule 2 is, like Schedule 1, designed to overcome constitutional limitations and create a nationally consistent law. In the case of consumer law, rather than mirror provisions in the main body of the Act, a single set of provisions exists in the Schedule which either applies as a law of the Commonwealth or a law of a relevant state or territory depending on the circumstances]

Last updated: 5 June 2026